HOW IS THE FUNCTION OF SPEECH ACT BETWEEN TOUR GUIDE AND JAPANESE TOURISTS IN BALI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26594/diglossia.v12i1.1870Abstract
Ilmu pragmatik mengkaji tindak tutur dalam situasi bahasa yang sangat terikat dengan konteks. Penelitian ini mendeskripsikan fungsi tindak tutur pada interaksi pemandu wisata dengan wisatawan Jepang di Bali. Data primer berupa tuturan dalam bentuk dialog antara pemandu wisata di bawah naungan biro perjalanan dengan wisatawan Jepang disesuaikan menurut konteks yang mengikuti setiap peristiwa tutur. Lokasi penelitian berada di Pulau Bali tepatnya di kabupaten Badung dan Gianyar. karena intensitas perjalanan wisatawan Jepang sangat tinggi ke daerah tersebut. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu, merekam berbagai interaksi lisan antara pemandu wisata dengan wisatawan Jepang, kemudian mencatat dan menyimak setiap interaksi dilanjutkan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam kepada pemandu wisata sebanyak 20 orang dengan kriteria yang sudah ditetapkan secara sembunyi-sembunyi guna mendapatkan informasi yang alami. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa ditemukan pada tuturan pemandu wisata dalam satu konteks memungkinkan menggunakan lebih dari satu fungsi tuturan. Pada analisis ditemukan empat fungsi tindak tutur pemandu wisata ketika memberi layanan jasa kepada wisatawan Jepang yaitu, a) fungsi asertif digunakan saat menjawab pertanyaan, menceritakan, mengomentari dan menjelaskan, b) fungsi direktif, untuk menyatakan bentuk menyuruh atau memerintah, memohon, memberikan saran, memesan, melarang dan mengkonfirmasi, c) fungsi komisif untuk menawari serta berjanji dan d) fungsi ekspresif menyatakan kegembiraan, kesedihan, kesukaan serta berhubungan dengan rasa. Dengan memahami fungsi tindak tutur maka, pemandu wisata dapat menggunakan fungsi tersebut dengan menyesuaikan pola komunikasi menurut budaya Jepang Selain itu, memahami fungsi tindak tutur mempermudah pembelajar bahasa dalam mempelajari pola pembentukan tuturan menurut tata bahasa Jepang, khususnya dalam domain pariwisata sebagai bahasa layanan.
Abstract
Pragmatics examines speech acts in a language situation that related to the context of situation. This study describes the speech act function on the interaction of tour guides with Japanese tourists in Bali. Primary data are the kinds of utterances in some dialogue between tour guides in travel agency and Japanese tourists that follows the dialogue. The research location is in Bali, exactly in Badung and Gianyar regencies. This location chosen because the intensity of Japanese tourist travel is very high. Data collection techniques used recording various interactions between tour guides and Japanese tourists, then recording and listening to each interaction continued using interviews with tour guides as many as 20 people to get same information. The results of the analysis show that the utterances in a context allows using more than one speech function. There are four functions of the tour guide's speech acts when providing services to Japanese tourists such as, a) assertive functions are used when answering questions, telling, commenting and explaining, b) directive functions, to state the form of ordering, asking, giving advice, prohibiting and confirming, c) the commissive function to offer and promise and d) expressive functions expressing joy, sadness, liking and relating to taste. By understanding speech act functions, tour guides can use these functions by adjusting communication patterns according to Japanese culture. In addition, understanding speech act functions makes it easier for language learners to learn speech formation patterns according to Japanese grammar, especially in the tourism domain as a hospitality.
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