DASAR PERBEDAAN SECARA FONETIS BUNYI KONSONAN OBSTRUENT DAN SONORAN (THE PHONETIC BASIS FOR THE DISTINCTION OF OBSTRUENT AND SONORANT CONSONANTS)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26594/diglossia.v6i2.390Abstract
Abstrak Menurut keberadan aliran udara ketika memproduksi bunyi bahasa, bunyi konsonan dapat dibagi menjadi obstruen dan sonorant (Rice, 1993). Artikel ini berusaha menjelaskan perbedaan antara bunyi konsonan obstruen dan sonoran. Selanjutnya, tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan alasan mengapa bunyi voiced implosives, tap dan flap, dan thrill yang sulit untuk dikategorikan sebagai bunyi sonoran atau obstruen. Setelah membahas kedua kategori bunyi secara menyeluruh, ditemukan bahwa perbedaan mendasar antara obstruen dan sonoran terletak pada keadaan pita suara, apakah pita suara bergetar atau tidak, dan juga terletak pada aliran udara, apakah aliran udara terhambat atau terhalang. Implosif bersuara sulit untuk dikategorikan sebagai obstruen dan sonoran karena sebenarnya bunyi tersebut termasuk bersuara (voiced), sedangkan obstruen pada umumnya tak bersuara (voiceless). Selain itu, ketika bunyi ditahan dan dilepasakan membuat bunyi flaps dan taps, dan thrills sulit untuk dikategorikan sebagai obstruen atau sonoran. Bunyi-bunyi tersebut dapat dianggap sebagai sonoran jika kita menekankan pada fase ketika bunyi itu ditahan. Namun bunyi-bunyi tersebut dianggap sebagai sonoran jika kita menekankan pada fase dilepaskannya bunyi-bunyi tersebut. Kata kunci: sonorants, obstruents, voiced implosives, trills, flaps and taps Abstract According to the state of airflow when producing sounds, consonants can be divided into obstruents and sonorants (Rice, 1993). This article attempts to elucidate the differences between obstruent and sonorant consonants. Further, it aims to explain the reasons why voiced implosives, tap and flap, and trill consonants are difficult to be categorized as sonorants or obstruents. After discussing the the two category of sounds thoroughly, it was found that the underlying distinction between obstruents and sonorants lies in the vocal fold status, whether it is vibrating or not, and in the airstream flow, whether it is obstructed or unobstructed. Voiced implosives are difficult to be categorized as obstruent and sonorants because of in fact they are voiced, while obstruents are commonly voiceless. In addition, the hold and release phase makes the flaps and taps and trills difficult to be categorized as obstruents or sonorants. They can be treated as sonorants if we highlight their hold phase and as sonorants if we emphasize on their release phase. Key words: sonorants, obstruents, voiced implosives, trills, flaps and tapsDownloads
Published
2015-04-01
How to Cite
Farid, A. (2015). DASAR PERBEDAAN SECARA FONETIS BUNYI KONSONAN OBSTRUENT DAN SONORAN (THE PHONETIC BASIS FOR THE DISTINCTION OF OBSTRUENT AND SONORANT CONSONANTS). Diglossia: Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah Kebahasaan Dan Kesusastraan, 6(2). https://doi.org/10.26594/diglossia.v6i2.390
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