Perancangan Sistem Informasi Lumbung Pangan Desa Berbasis Web dengan Pendekatan User-Centered Design (UCD) di Kabupaten Grobogan
https://doi.org/10.26594/teknologi.v16i1.6696
Abstract
Pengelolaan lumbung pangan desa di Kabupaten Grobogan masih dilakukan secara manual menggunakan buku catatan, sehingga menimbulkan ketidakakuratan data (kesalahan pencatatan sekitar 18,75% dari 48 entri stok yang diperiksa), keterlambatan pelaporan (rata-rata 3–5 hari kerja), dan minimnya transparansi. Angka-angka tersebut diperoleh melalui rekonsiliasi data lapangan dan Focus Group Discussion (FGD) yang dilakukan pada tahap analisis kebutuhan. Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang dan mengimplementasikan prototype sistem informasi lumbung pangan desa berbasis web dengan pendekatan User-Centered Design (UCD) untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan lokal. Novelty penelitian terletak pada model digitalisasi lumbung pangan desa yang secara konsisten mengadopsi UCD, mulai dari FGD bersama tujuh peserta (perangkat desa dan kelompok tani), pembuatan persona, user requirement, wireframe, hingga evaluasi prototype, serta mengintegrasikan manajemen stok multi-komoditas, distribusi, dan pelaporan otomatis pada level komunitas desa; pendekatan dengan kajian serupa masih sangat terbatas di Indonesia. Metode penelitian mencakup tiga tahap: (1) analisis kebutuhan melalui FGD dan observasi lapangan; (2) perancangan sistem berbasis UCD dengan artefak persona, user requirement, dan wireframe; serta (3) uji coba prototype melalui Black Box Testing dan System Usability Scale (SUS) terhadap tujuh responden. Hasil pengujian fungsional menunjukkan seluruh skenario pengujian terpenuhi sesuai spesifikasi. Evaluasi usability memperoleh skor SUS rata-rata 71,1 yang menunjukkan tingkat usability yang baik (Good) dan berada pada kategori Acceptable. Penelitian ini berkontribusi sebagai proof of concept sistem informasi lumbung pangan desa berbasis UCD di Indonesia yang dapat menjadi fondasi pengembangan lebih lanjut.
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